The Origin of Tai Chi Chuan

Tai chi chuan is one of the famous branches ofdeveloped. It is generally accepted that this 'new'
Chinese martial arts.It is well-known and widelystyle of martial art was developed from the
practiced in the world today; however its origin ispopular existing arts at the time.
confused. There are many conflicting accounts asOriginally, the Chen tai chi chuan was only taught
to its origin.family members of the Chen clan until a promising
The most common of these accounts is that theyoung named Yang Luchan wished desperately to
founder was the Taoist monk Chan San Feng,learn the art of the Chens'. Knowing that he would
who lived in the Sung Dynasty (AD 960-1279).be refused if he asked to study with them, he
The legend states that Chan San Feng watched abecame a servant in the household. He watched
battle between a snake and a crane ten times itssecretly as they trained at night, and during his
size. As the crane lunged at its prey, the wilyfree periods be would imitate the techniques be
reptile dodged and weaved, lashing back at itshad seen. Later, he was caught spying on the
tormentor with relaxed lightning speed. EventuallyChens. When be was ordered to vie against the
the exhausted crane flew off for easier prey. Infamily members, he managed to throw his
that instant the art of tai chi was said to haveadversaries to the ground. Chen Chansheng was
been born. Chan San Feng, a master of the bardso impressed that he immediately offered to
Shaolin martial arts, applied the principles he hadteach Yang as if he were a family member. After
witnessed in the actions of the snake to hismastering the Chen tai chi chuan, Yang Luchan
martial arts expertise. The snake's actionsmodified the original Chen style and created the
exemplified the Taoist principles of softness,Yang style of tai chi chuan, the most popular
relaxation, flexibility and naturalness, allied to theform practiced in the world today.
ancient breathing exercises to stimulate chiWu Yuxiang leaned from Yang Luchan and a
development. However, no one knows whethervariation of the original Chen form from Chen
he actually existed because there is no historicalChingping and created the Wu style. A man
evidence to support the claim that he hadnamed Hao Weizhen, learned the Wu style from
anything to do with the creation or practice of taiWu Yuxiang's nephew and taught the style to Sun
chi chuan. Some experts claim him as just being aLutang, who in turn created the Sun style. Yang
myth, while others argue he did exist and thereLuchan had another student, a Manchu named
are monuments to him in China.Quan You, who in turned taught the art to his
It is not until seventeenth century that tai chi canson, Wu Jianquan. Wu Jianquan popularized his
be verified historically. All of the various styles ofvariation of the Yang style, which is commonly
tai chi chuan which are in existence today can bereferred to as the Wu Jian Quan style. In recent
traced back to a single man, Chen Wangting, atimes there have been many other variations and
general of the latter years of the Ming Dynasty.modifications of the art, but all may be traced
After the fall of the Ming and the establishmentback through the above masters to the original
of the Qing Dynasty (1644), Chen WangtingChen family forms.
returned to the Chen village in Henan Province andThe various forms of tai chi chuan, despite having
created his forms of boxing, and then Henandifferent characteristics and style, have the same
Province became home to the Chen family of taitraining principle: execution of relaxed actions to
chi chuan. This family has been credited withcreate a state of softness, which is accumulated
developing the Chen style, from which all theto produce firmness, forming a state of firmness
major schools, directly or indirectly, haveand softness complementing each other.